PZT Materials - Zibo Yuhai Electronic Ceramic Co., Ltd.

PZT Materials

Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT)`s attributes of producing an electrical charge when mechanically compressed or vibrating when an electrical charge is applied, make it very conducive for passive sensing, active transmitting and mechanical displacement applications.

We utilize two predominant types of piezoelectric materials, each providing a set of unique properties suitable for a range of applications. Two types of piezoelectric ceramics include High Power "Hard PZT" and high Sensitivity "Soft PZT".

High powder "Hard" Piezoelectric Materials are ceramics able to withstand high levels of electrical and mechanical stress and are particularly suited to high voltage and power applications.

High sensitivity "Soft" Piezoelectric Materials are particularly useful for sensing applications due to its high sensitivity and permittivity. As such these piezoelectric ceramics are frequently used in low power applications as transducers, receivers and generators.

PZT is a machinable ceramic and can be precision dimensioned into tubes, rings, discs, plates, and hemispheres. The PZT material is also versatile from a forming aspect as it can be net shaped by pressing, extruding and casting into these same shapes as well as complex components including, co-fired bimorphs and multilayer actuators. Sizes range from microns to centimeters. Electrode choices are extensive including fired silver, electroless nickel, sputtered or vacuum deposited Nickel-Chrome, Gold, Tin, Aluminium and Vanadium.

Hard PZT

High power or "hard PZT" ceramics can withstand high levels of electrical excitation and mechanical stress. These materials are suited for high voltage or high power generators and transducers.

PZT-4 Series

This material range is ideally suited for ultrasonic cleaning, sonar, and other high power acoustic radiation applications. These materials are designated as PZT-4 series type materials and are capable of producing large mechanical drive amplitudes while maintaining low mechanical and dielectric losses. In addition, it can be used under both constant and repetitive conditions. Within this group of materials, Yuhai offer a complete range of three PZT-4 series material types with a variety of permitivity values, coupling, power handling and actuation properties.

PZT-8 Series

This material range is used in high power applications, even though its piezoelectric activity level is slightly lower than PZT-4 series types. With an extremely high mechanical quality factor and extremely low loss factor, PZT-8 series materials have the ultimate power handling capability. Within this group of materials, Yuhai offer a complete range of three PZT-8 series material types with a variety of permittivity values, coupling, power handling and actuation properties.

The typical value of "Hard PZT" ceramic performance

"Hard" PZT materials
Properties			PZT-41	PZT-42	PZT-43	PZT-82	PCrN-4	PBaS-4
Dielectric Constant	ɛTr3		1050	1250	1420	1100	1600	1900

Coupling factor	KP		0.58	0.58	0.58	0.52	0.6	0.59
	K31		0.32	0.33	0.34	0.3	0.35	0.34
	K33		0.66	0.67	0.68	0.57	0.68	0.68
	Kt		0.48	0.48	0.48	0.4	0.45	0.49
Piezoelectric coefficient	d31	10-12m/v	-106	-124	-138	-100	-156	-160
	d33	10-12m/v	260	280	300	240	350	380
	g31	10-3vm/n	-11.4	-11.2	-11	-10.3	-11	-9.5
	g33	10-3vm/n	28	25.3	24	25	24.7	22.6
Frequency coefficients	Np		2280	2200	2160	2280	2100	2200
	N1		1671	1613	1583	1671	1539	1613
	N3		1950	1900	1875	1950	1850	1850
	Nt		2250	2200	2200	2300	2200	2200
Elastic compliance coefficient	Se11	10-12m2/n	11.8	12.7	13.2	11.6	14	13.2
Machanical quality factor	Qm		1000	800	600	1200	400	2200

Dielectric loss factor	Tg δ	%	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.5
Density	ρ	g/cm3	7.5	7.5	7.5	7.6	7.5	7.5
Curie Temperature	Tc	°C	320	320	320	310	310	310
Young's modulus	YE11	<109N/m2	85	79	76	86	71	76
Poison Ratio			0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.33

Soft PZT

High sensitivity or "soft" ceramics feature high sensitivity and permittivity, but under high drive conditions are susceptible to self heating beyond their operating temperature range . These materials are used in various pick-ups and sensors, low-power motor-type transducers, receivers, and low power generators.

PZT-5 Series

The PZT-5 series materials are all [soft". They range in Curie temperatures from 165°C to 350°C. All these materials have been optimized for charge constants or coupling coefficients for specific applications. PZT-5 series is often used as the receiver or generator element in hydrophones, accelerometers, and vibration sensors. PZT-5 Series is a lead zirconate titanate with a high sensitivity, permittivity, and time stability. PZT5H series is used in sensitive receivers and applications requiring fine movement control. It has been used in a wide range of applications from hydrophones to ink jet printers. PZT5H Series provides extremely high permittivity, coupling, and piezoelectric constant.

The typical value of "Soft PZT" ceramic performance

"Soft" PZT materials
Properties			PSnN-5	PLiS-51	PZT-51	PZT-52	PZT-53	PZT-5H	PZT-5X
Dielectric Constant	ɛTr3		1600	2000	2200	2400	2600	3200	4500

Coupling factor	KP		0.6	0.62	0.62	0.63	0.64	0.68	0.7
	K31		0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.36	0.38	0.4
	K33		0.68	0.7	0.68	0.7	0.7	0.76	0.77
	Kt		0.5	0.52	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.52	0.53
Piezoelectric coefficient	d31	10-12m/v	-170	-197	-186	-204	-227	-275	-300
	d33	10-12m/v	400	450	500	520	550	620	750
	g31	10-3vm/n	-12	-11.1	-9.6	-9.8	-9.9	-9.7	-7.5
	g33	10-3vm/n	28	25.4	25.6	24.5	23.9	22	18.8
Frequency coefficients	Np		2000	1920	1980	1980	1960	1900	1960
	N1		1466	1407	1451	1451	1437	1393	1437
	N3		1825	1925	1900	1900	1755	1550	1800
	Nt		2100	2100	2150	2150	2150	2100	2200
Elastic compliance coefficient	Se11	10-12m2/n	16.6	18	16.7	17	17.4	18	19
Machanical quality factor	Qm		85	80	80	75	75	70	65

Dielectric loss factor	Tg δ	%	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
Density	ρ	g/cm3	7.5	7.5	7.6	7.6	7.6	7.5	7.5
Curie Temperature	Tc	°C	350	345	270	270	270	230	165
Young's modulus	YE11	<109N/m2	60	56	60	59	57.5	56	53
Poison Ratio			0.36	0.36	0.36	0.36	0.36	0.36	0.39

The Co-Al Co-doped Barium Titanate Lead-free Piezoelectric Ceramics was successfully developed by Yuhai company through repeated experiments. By Researching the influence of Co-Al Co-doping on the structure and properties of Barium Titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics, the formulation and preparation technology of Barium Titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics were optimized. Yuhai`s BaTiO3 was prepared by conventional solid-phase sintering method, with the piezoelectric constant d33 (>170pC/N), dielectric loss tgδ≤0.5% and mechanical coupling coefficient Kp≥0.34.

Barium titanate lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are important basic materials for the development of modern science and technology, which was widely used in the manufacture of ultrasonic transducers, underwater acoustic transducers, electroacoustic transducers, ceramic filters, ceramic transformers, ceramic frequency discriminators, high voltage generators, infrared detectors, surface acoustic wave devices, electro-optic devices, ignition and detonation devices, and piezoelectric gyroscope and so on.

Application: military, ocean, fishery, scientific research, mine detection, daily life and other fields.

China Patent No.: ZL 2011 1 0126758.6

Lead free piezoceramic

Material: Lead-free Barium Titanate Piezoelectric Material with Addition of Cobalt and Aluminum

Typical value of lead free piezoelectric ceramic BaTiO3

Lead free piezo material BaTiO3			Lead-free Material
Properties			BaTiO3
Dielectric Constant	ɛTr3		1260

Coupling factor	KP		0.34
	K31		0.196
	K33		0.43
	Kt		0.32
Piezoelectric coefficient	d31	10-12m/v	-60
	d33	10-12m/v	160
	g31	10-3vm/n	-5.4
	g33	10-3vm/n	14.3
Frequency coefficients	Np		3180
	N1		2280
	N3
	Nt		2675
Elastic compliance coefficient	Se11	10-12m2/n	8.4
Machanical quality factor	Qm		1200

Dielectric loss factor	Tg δ	%	0.5
Density	ρ	g/cm3	5.6
Curie Temperature	Tc	°C	115
Young's modulus	YE11	<109N/m3	119
Poison Ratio			0.33